dr Irena Kolaj Ristanović[1]
Muslimanka i hrišćanka u Kneževini Srbiji u XIX veku: između verskog zakona, državnih propisa, tradicije i stereotipa***
Apstrakt:
Utisak o prednosti društvene i porodične zajednice nad pojedincem i nosiocima bračne zajednice u direktnoj je vezi sa pojmom kulturnog identiteta individue. Kako je pojam kultura definisan kao način implementacije prethodno stečenih znanja, verovanja i nasleđenih običaja, a identitet nas upućuje na istovetnost i jednakost, možemo reći da je identitet muslimanske žene u braku počivao na elementima islamskog zakona: šerijata, te pripadnosti zajednici muslimana: umi, a hrišćanske (pravoslavne) žene na pripadnosti crkvi i upražnjavanju tradicije, verovanja i običaja seoske ili gradske sredine kojoj je pripadala. Društveno-političke okolnosti u Kneževini Srbiji XIX veka donele su promene u bračnim odnosima hrišćana, ali nisu imale nikakvog uticaja na muslimansko stanovništvo. Promene u bračnim zajednicama muslimana bile su uslovljene opštim društvenim promenama kojima se islamska zajednica postepeno prilagođavala. Ovaj rad se bavi analizom i kontrastiranjem primarnih uslova na osnovu kojih je žena stupala u brak u XIX veku: elemenata šerijatskog bračnog prava u muslimanske žene i crkvenih kanuna i državnih zakona u hrišćanke. Istovremeno, ovaj rad svedoči o (ne)zavidnom položaju žena o čijem su statusu raspravljali mnogi polazeći sa različitih stanovišta služeći se pogrešnim interpretacijama, te time uzeli učešće u kreiranju njihovog identiteta. Rad je nastao primenom interdisiplinarnog načina istraživanja uz korišćenje izvora srpske i osmanske provenijecije, te relevantne literature.
Ključne reči: žena, šerijat, brak, crkva, tradicija
Abstract:
The impression of priority of family and social community over individual and married couple is in a relation with the cultural identity of individual. As term culture is defined as a way of implementation of human knowledge, beliefs and tradition, but identity refers us to commonality and equality, we can say that identity of Muslim women in marriage was based on elements of Sharia Law, so belonging to Muslim community: umma and Christian (Orthodox) women on belonging to a church community and implementation of tradition, beliefs and customs of rural or urban community she belonged to. Social-political atmosphere in the Principality of Serbia in XIX. century brought changes to relations of Christians marriage, but had no influence on Muslim population. Changes in spousal community of Muslim population were conditioned by general socio-political changes which Islam community gradually adjusted to. This work has a goal to analyze and compare basic conditions on which women step into marriage in XIX. century: elements of Sharia Family Law (Muslim women) and church canons and state laws (Christian women). The content of this work confirmes (un)enviable position of women which status was a subject of discussion of many others, who wrote from different perspectives using „wrong“ interpretations, so took participation in a creation of their identity. The paper includes interdisciplinary approach to research, use of primary historical sources of Serbian and Ottoman provenance, so relevant literature.
Key words: women, Sharia Law, marriage, church, tradition
- Detalji
- Pogodaka: 566
